Japan's transportation system is extremely efficient, convenient, and reliable. There are a variety of transportation options, including rail, bus, cab, and air, covering a wide range of urban and rural areas. Below is an overview of Japan's transportation system, its features, comparisons with other countries, and points to note when foreigners use the system.
Taxis are widely available in both urban and rural areas. Fares are metered, and late-night and reservation fees may be added.
Domestic flights are well developed, allowing for quick travel between major cities. Haneda, Narita, and Kansai International Airports are major hubs.
- Use of Transportation Cards
IC cards (Suica, Pasmo, etc.) can be used for smooth payment on trains and buses. It is convenient to recharge your card in advance.
- Language barriers
Although English-language displays and English-enabled guides are increasing, in some rural areas, displays are only in Japanese. It is a good idea to research your destination and route in advance.
- Traffic Manners
Traffic etiquette is very important in Japan, such as waiting in line to board a train and refraining from talking on the train. Following these rules will ensure a smooth ride.
- Purchasing Tickets
To purchase a ticket, you can use a ticket machine or ask a station attendant. English-speaking ticket machines are available at major stations.
- Taking a Taxi
Cabs are rather expensive, but tipping is not customary. Showing a map and the address of your destination will help.
- Peak Traffic Hours
It is best to avoid the commuter rush hours (8:00-9:00 AM and 5:00-7:00 PM), as congestion can be severe.Peak hour fares are available on some routes.
- Check the route map
The urban rail network is very complex. It is recommended that you download a route map in advance or check one at the station. Many stations have route maps in multiple languages.
- Use of Smartphone Apps
Smartphone apps that provide transportation information (Google Maps, Japan Transit Planner, HyperDia, etc.) can be very useful for route searches and transit information.
- Understanding Rural Transportation
Outside of urban areas, transportation may be limited. Buses are infrequent or do not run at certain times of the day, so it is a good idea to check the timetable in advance and consider taking a cab or renting a car.
- Using a Rental Car
An international driver's license is required to drive in Japan. Be especially careful if you are not used to Japanese traffic rules (driving on the left side of the road). Also, parking spaces are limited in urban areas, so it is advisable to make reservations for parking in advance.
- Save on Transportation
If you plan to travel long distances or sightsee, the Japan Rail Pass (JR Pass) or regional passes (e.g., Kansai Area Pass, Tohoku Area Pass, etc.) can save you substantial transportation costs. These passes are special offers for foreign travelers only and must be purchased in advance.
- Luggage Handling
Be careful where you leave your luggage on trains and buses. For large luggage, it is convenient to use the luggage storage areas on Shinkansen trains and luggage spaces on airport buses. You can also use a courier service (Takkyubin) to send luggage between hotels.
- Dealing with Delays and Outages
Although Japan's transportation system is highly punctual, weather and accidents can cause delays and stoppages. This is especially true during typhoons and heavy snowfalls. Check the app or train station bulletin boards for service status, and consider alternative modes of transportation if necessary.
- Buses and trains dedicated to tourist attractions
Circular buses or special trains may be operated exclusively for sightseeing spots. For example, city buses in Kyoto or Tokyo's "Skytree Line" are convenient for sightseeing-specific routes.
- Reservations required
It is recommended to make reservations in advance for Shinkansen and limited express trains, which often have reserved seats. Reservations may fill up early, especially during peak seasons (Golden Week, summer vacation, year-end and New Year holidays).
There are several useful apps for foreigners in Japan. These apps provide information useful for transportation, sightseeing, and daily life.